龙

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龙 [2025/07/30 22:11] – 创建 xiaoer龙 [2025/08/17 16:51] (current) – created xiaoer
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-======龙====== +====== lóng: 龙 - Dragon ====== 
-=====简介===== +===== Quick Summary ===== 
-龙 (Dragon) 是一种体型巨大、会飞的爬行类[[魔法生物]]，被公认为魔法世界中最危险、也最难隐藏的生物之一。它们拥有坚硬如铁的鳞甲，能喷吐烈焰，并具备强大的魔法抗性。[[魔法部]]将其危险等级分类为最高的 XXXXX 级，即“已知的杀害巫师的生物/不可能被驯服或饲养”。尽管如此，龙的身体各部分，如龙心弦、龙血、龙肝和龙角，都在[[魔药学]]、[[魔杖学]]和其他魔法领域中具有极高的价值。 +  * **Keywords:** long, lóng, 龙, Chinese dragon, what is a Chinese dragon, meaning of long, year of the dragon, dragon in Chinese culture, Chinese mythology, Chinese zodiac, lucky Chinese symbols 
-=====生理特征与魔法价值===== +  * **Summary:** The Chinese **龙 (lóng)** is a legendary creature central to Chinese culture, vastly different from the fire-breathing monsters of Western mythology. In China, the **lóng** is a powerful and benevolent symbol of luck, prosperity, power, and imperial authority. As one of the twelve zodiac animals, it is deeply embedded in Chinese language, festivals, and the national identity, representing a divine and auspicious force to be revered. 
-龙是肉食性动物，具备强大的力量和毁灭性的火焰吐息。它们的鳞甲能够抵御绝大多数普通[[咒语]]，只有少数威力强大的咒语（如直接击中眼睛）才能对其造成有效伤害。 +===== Core Meaning ===== 
-  * **龙心弦 (Dragon Heartstring):** 是三种最高品质的[[魔杖]]杖芯之一（另外两种是[[凤凰羽毛]]和[[独角兽毛]]）。由龙心弦制成的魔杖通常魔力最强，也最容易转向[[黑魔法]]。[[赫敏・格兰杰]]的魔杖杖芯即为龙心弦。 +  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** lóng 
-  * **龙血 (Dragon Blood):** 具有多种魔法用途。[[阿不思・邓布利多]]曾发现了龙血的十二种用途，其中一种是作为烤箱清洁剂。 +  * **Part of Speech:** Noun 
-  * **龙肝 (Dragon Liver):** 是一种重要的魔药原料。在[[霍格沃茨]]的[[魔药课]]上，学生们需要使用它。 +  * **HSK Level:** HSK 4 
-  * **龙角 (Dragon Horn):** 同样是珍贵的魔药原料。 +  * **Concise Definition:** A mythical, serpentine creature in Chinese folklore, symbolizing power, good fortune, and control over water; a dragon. 
-  * **龙粪 (Dragon Dung):** 是一种极佳的肥料，常被用于[[草药学]]。 +  * **In a Nutshell:** Forget everything you know about Western dragons. The Chinese **龙 (lóng)** is not a creature to be slain; it's a divine being to be worshipped. Associated with clouds, rain, and bodies of water, it was seen as a controller of the weather and thus a bringer of agricultural prosperity. Historically, the **龙** was the exclusive symbol of the Emperor of China, representing his heavenly power and authority. Today, it remains a potent symbol of success, ambition, and good fortune for all. 
-=====魔法部对龙的管理===== +===== Character Breakdown ===== 
-由于龙的危险性和难以隐藏的特性，[[魔法部]]对其实施严格的管制。 +  * **龙 (lóng):** This character is a pictograph, a stylized drawing of the creature it represents. The earliest forms on oracle bones depicted a long, serpentine animal with horns or a crest on its head and an open mouth. The modern character retains this feel: the left side (立) can be seen as its head and horns, while the right side (L-shape with three strokes) represents its coiling body. It is a standalone character that directly means "dragon." 
-  * **法律禁令：** 1709 年的巫师大会（Warlocks' Convention）明令禁止在不列颠境内进行龙的饲养和繁殖。违反此法律者将面临严厉处罚。 +===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== 
-  * **火龙保护区 (Dragon Sanctuaries):** 为了保护和研究龙，同时避免它们与[[麻瓜]]接触，世界各地都设立了火龙保护区。其中最著名的是[[查理・韦斯莱]]工作的[[罗马尼亚火龙保护区]]。 +  * The **龙 (lóng)** is arguably the most important mythical creature in China. Its significance is so profound that Chinese people often refer to themselves as **“龙的传人” (lóng de chuánrén)**, or "Descendants of the Dragon." This phrase captures a sense of shared cultural identity and national pride. 
-  * **记忆咒的使用：** 当龙意外被[[麻瓜]]目击时，[[魔法部]]的记忆消除员会立即出动，对目击者施展[[一忘皆空]]咒。 +  * **Comparison with Western Dragons:** This is the most critical cultural distinction for a learner to grasp. 
-=====已知的龙的品种===== +    *   **Western Dragon:** Typically a malevolent, fire-breathing, winged reptile that hoards treasure, kidnaps princesses, and represents chaos and evil. It is a monster to be conquered by a hero (e.g., Saint George and the Dragon). 
-在《[[神奇动物在哪里]]》一书中，共记载了十种龙。其中数种在《哈利・波特》系列故事中扮演了重要角色。 +    *   **Chinese Dragon (龙):** A benevolent, wise, and divine composite creature (with the body of a snake, claws of an eagle, antlers of a deer, etc.) that controls water and weather. It represents order, power, and good fortune. It is a protector and a symbol of divine authority, not a monster to be slain. 
-  * **[[匈牙利树蜂]] (Hungarian Horntail):** 被认为是所有龙中最危险的一种。它有黑色的鳞片，黄色的眼睛，尾巴上布满长长的尖刺。在[[三强争霸赛]]中，[[哈利・波特]]面对的正是这种龙。 +  * **Imperial Symbol:** For millennia, the five-clawed golden dragon was the exclusive symbol of the Emperor, the "Son of Heaven." His throne was the "Dragon Throne" (龙椅), and his robes were the "Dragon Robes" (龙袍). Using the dragon symbol was forbidden for commoners, punishable by death. This historical association cemented the **龙** as the ultimate symbol of power and nobility. 
-  * **[[中国火球]] (Chinese Fireball) (又名狮龙):** 唯一一种东方的龙。外表醒目，有猩红色的光滑鳞片和一圈金色的长刺环绕着狮子鼻一样的脸。[[威克多尔・克鲁姆]]在比赛中抽到了它。 +===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== 
-  * **[[瑞典短鼻龙]] (Swedish Short-Snout):** 漂亮的银蓝色火龙。它喷出的火焰是耀眼的蓝色，能瞬间将骨头烧成灰。[[塞德里克・迪戈里]]在比赛中面对的便是它。 +  * **The Zodiac (生肖 - shēngxiào):** The Year of the Dragon is considered the most auspicious of the 12 zodiac years. This often leads to a spike in birth rates, as many parents hope to have a "dragon baby," believing they will grow up to be successful, charismatic, and powerful. 
-  * **[[威尔士绿龙]] (Common Welsh Green):** 英国本土的龙种之一。它的吼叫声悦耳，性情在龙中相对温和，倾向于捕食绵羊。[[芙蓉・德拉库尔]]在比赛中抽到了它。 +  * **Idioms and Expressions:** The character **龙** is a key component in countless idioms (**成语 - chéngyǔ**). The most famous is **望子成龙 (wàng zǐ chéng lóng)**, which means "to hope one's son becomes a dragon." This reflects the immense pressure on children to succeed academically and professionally. 
-  * **[[挪威脊背龙]] (Norwegian Ridgeback):** 与[[匈牙利树蜂]]相似，但背部的黑脊是其特征。其幼龙在六到八个月大时就能喷火，且牙齿带有剧毒。[[鲁伯・海格]]曾非法孵化并饲养了一只名为[[诺伯]]的挪威脊背龙。 +  * **Festivals and Celebrations:** The Dragon Boat Festival (**端午节 - Duānwǔjié**) features races in long, ornately decorated boats carved to look like dragons. During Chinese New Year and other celebrations, dragon dances (**舞龙 - wǔ lóng**) are performed to bring good luck and drive away evil spirits. 
-  * **[[乌克兰铁肚皮]] (Ukrainian Ironbelly):** 已知体型最大的龙，体重可达六吨。鳞片是金属灰色，眼睛是深红色。在第二次巫师战争期间，一只年迈失明的[[乌克兰铁肚皮]]被用来守卫[[古灵阁]]的莱斯特兰奇金库。 +  * **In Names:** It is a popular and powerful character used in given names, especially for boys. The famous martial artist Bruce Lee's Chinese name is **李小龙 (Lǐ Xiǎolóng)**, which literally means "Li Little Dragon." 
-  * **其他品种：** 包括[[澳大拉西亚澳眼龙]] (Antipodean Opaleye)、[[赫布底里群岛黑龙]] (Hebridean Black)、[[秘鲁毒牙龙]] (Peruvian Vipertooth) 和[[罗马尼亚长角龙]] (Romanian Longhorn)。 +===== Example Sentences ===== 
-=====在故事中的作用===== +  * **Example 1:** 
-  * **《哈利・波特与魔法石》:** [[鲁伯・海格]]从一个伪装的[[奇洛教授]]那里得到了一枚龙蛋，并成功孵化出了一只[[挪威脊背龙]]，取名[[诺伯]]。哈利、罗恩和赫敏帮助海格将[[诺伯]]送往罗马尼亚交给[[查理・韦斯莱]]，此事也导致他们被罚在[[禁林]]关禁闭。 +    * 我哥哥属**龙**。 
-  * **《哈利・波特与火焰杯》:** [[三强争霸赛]]的第一个项目就是从一头正在孵蛋的母龙爪下偷走一个金蛋。四位勇士分别面对了[[匈牙利树蜂]]、[[中国火球]]、[[瑞典短鼻龙]]和[[威尔士绿龙]]。 +    * Pinyin: Wǒ gēge shǔ **lóng**. 
-  * **《哈利・波特与死亡圣器》:** 为了从贝拉特里克斯・莱斯特兰奇的金库中窃取[[赫奇帕奇的金杯]]，哈利、罗恩和赫敏闯入了[[古灵阁]]。他们最终骑着看守金库的巨大、年迈的[[乌克兰铁肚皮]]逃出生天，这也是龙在故事中首次被用作交通工具。 +    * English: My older brother was born in the Year of the Dragon. 
-=====幕后信息===== +    * Analysis: The verb `属 (shǔ)` is used specifically to state one's Chinese zodiac sign. This is a very common topic of small talk. 
-  * **电影改编：** 在电影《哈利・波特与火焰杯》中，为了增加视觉冲击力，第一个项目的场景被扩展为一场环绕[[霍格沃茨]]城堡的追逐战，这与原著中仅在场地内进行的比赛有所不同。（电影设定） +  * **Example 2:** 
-  * **性别揭示：** [[查理・韦斯莱]]后来在信中告诉海格，他养的[[诺伯]] (Norbert) 其实是雌性，因此应该改名为诺贝塔 (Norberta)。+    * 很多中国父母都望子成**龙**。 
 +    * Pinyin: Hěn duō Zhōngguó fùmǔ dōu wàng zǐ chéng **lóng**. 
 +    * English: Many Chinese parents hope their sons will become successful. 
 +    * Analysis: This is a direct use of the famous idiom `望子成龙`. The "dragon" here is a metaphor for the pinnacle of success and achievement. 
 +  * **Example 3:** 
 +    * 过年的时候，街上会有舞**龙**表演，非常热闹。 
 +    * Pinyin: Guònián de shíhou, jiē shàng huì yǒu wǔ **lóng** biǎoyǎn, fēicháng rènào. 
 +    * English: During Chinese New Year, there will be dragon dance performances on the street; it's very lively. 
 +    * Analysis: `舞龙 (wǔ lóng)` literally means "dance dragon" and refers to the traditional performance with a long dragon puppet. 
 +  * **Example 4:** 
 +    * 这座古庙的柱子上雕刻着两条**龙**。 
 +    * Pinyin: Zhè zuò gǔ miào de zhùzi shàng diāokè zhe liǎng tiáo **lóng**. 
 +    * English: Two dragons are carved on the pillars of this ancient temple. 
 +    * Analysis: Note the measure word for dragons, `条 (tiáo)`, which is used for long, slender, or serpentine things like rivers, snakes, and fish. 
 +  * **Example 5:** 
 +    * 中国人被称为“**龙**的传人”。 
 +    * Pinyin: Zhōngguó rén bèi chēngwéi "**lóng** de chuánrén". 
 +    * English: Chinese people are known as the "Descendants of the Dragon." 
 +    * Analysis: This phrase highlights the dragon's role as a symbol of national and cultural identity. 
 +  * **Example 6:** 
 +    * 我们端午节去看**龙**舟比赛吧！ 
 +    * Pinyin: Wǒmen Duānwǔjié qù kàn **lóng**zhōu bǐsài ba! 
 +    * English: Let's go watch the dragon boat races during the Dragon Boat Festival! 
 +    * Analysis: `龙舟 (lóngzhōu)` directly translates to "dragon boat." 
 +  * **Example 7:** 
 +    * 他虽然快八十岁了，但仍然生**龙**活虎。 
 +    * Pinyin: Tā suīrán kuài bāshí suì le, dàn réngrán shēng **lóng** huó hǔ. 
 +    * English: Although he is almost eighty, he is still full of vim and vigor. 
 +    * Analysis: `生龙活虎 (shēng lóng huó hǔ)` is an idiom that literally means "living dragon, lively tiger." It's used to describe someone, especially an older person, who is very energetic and healthy. 
 +  * **Example 8:** 
 +    * 电影《卧虎藏**龙**》在国际上很有名。 
 +    * Pinyin: Diànyǐng "Wò Hǔ Cáng **Lóng**" zài guójì shàng hěn yǒumíng. 
 +    * English: The movie "Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon" is very famous internationally. 
 +    * Analysis: This famous movie title uses the dragon to symbolize hidden, powerful masters or talents. 
 +  * **Example 9:** 
 +    * 买票的队伍排成了一条长**龙**。 
 +    * Pinyin: Mǎi piào de duìwu páichéng le yī tiáo cháng **lóng**. 
 +    * English: The line to buy tickets formed a long dragon (i.e., a very long queue). 
 +    * Analysis: Here, **龙** is used metaphorically to describe something very long and winding, like a queue of people or traffic. 
 +  * **Example 10:** 
 +    * 侏罗纪公园里有很多种恐**龙**。 
 +    * Pinyin: Zhūluójì Gōngyuán lǐ yǒu hěn duō zhǒng kǒng**lóng**. 
 +    * English: There are many kinds of dinosaurs in Jurassic Park. 
 +    * Analysis: This shows how the character **龙** is used in modern scientific terms. `恐龙 (kǒnglóng)` means "dinosaur," literally "terrible dragon." This is one of the few cases where **龙** is associated with something fearsome. 
 +===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== 
 +  * **The "Dragon" vs. "龙" False Friend:** The single biggest mistake is assuming the English word "dragon" and the Chinese word **龙** refer to the same concept. They do not. Calling a person a "dragon" in English might imply they are fierce, angry, or monstrous (e.g., a "dragon lady"). In Chinese, comparing someone to a **龙** is the highest compliment, implying they are successful, powerful, and outstanding. 
 +  * **Incorrect Usage:** 
 +    * //Incorrect:// "我的老板是一条**龙**，他总是对我大喊大叫。" (My boss is a dragon; he always yells at me.) 
 +    * //Why it's wrong:// This sentence is confusing in Chinese. A listener would hear "**龙**" and think you are complimenting your boss's success and power, which completely contradicts the second half of the sentence. To say a boss is fierce, you would use words like `凶 (xiōng)` or `厉害 (lìhai)`. 
 +===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== 
 +  * [[凤凰]] (fènghuáng) - The Chinese phoenix. The **龙** represents the emperor and masculinity (yang), while the phoenix represents the empress and femininity (yin). They are a common pairing in art. 
 +  * [[麒麟]] (qílín) - The Qilin, another auspicious mythical beast, sometimes called the "Chinese unicorn." It symbolizes serenity, prosperity, and good luck. 
 +  * [[生肖]] (shēngxiào) - The Chinese zodiac. The **龙** is the fifth animal in the twelve-year cycle. 
 +  * [[望子成龙]] (wàng zǐ chéng lóng) - The quintessential idiom about parental hopes for their children's success. 
 +  * [[恐龙]] (kǒnglóng) - Dinosaur. A modern word combining `恐` (kǒng - fear, terror) and **龙**. This shows the character's adaptability in forming new words. 
 +  * [[龙舟]] (lóngzhōu) - Dragon boat, the key element of the Dragon Boat Festival. 
 +  * [[皇帝]] (huángdì) - The Emperor of China, whose symbol was the five-clawed golden dragon. 
 +  * [[属龙]] (shǔ lóng) - "To be born in the Year of the Dragon." A verb phrase used to state one's zodiac sign. 
 +  * [[龙头]] (lóngtóu) - Literally "dragon head." It's used to refer to a leader or the leading enterprise in an industry.