美国

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美国 [2025/08/01 17:58] – 创建 xiaoer美国 [2025/08/22 17:26] (current) – created xiaoer
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-======美国====== +====== meiguo: 美国 - America, United States, USA ====== 
-=====基本信息===== +===== Quick Summary ===== 
-  * 类型 (Type): 国家 +  * **Keywords:** 美国, meiguo, what does meiguo mean, Chinese for America, USA in Chinese, United States in Chinese, Chinese name for America, mei guo, Beautiful Country, Mandarin for USA 
-  * 地点 (Location): 北美洲 +  * **Summary:** 美国 (měiguó) is the standard Mandarin Chinese word for the United States of America. While its characters literally translate to "Beautiful Country," the name originated as a phonetic transcription of "America." This entry explores the meaning, cultural significance, and practical usage of 美国, providing a comprehensive guide for learners to understand how to refer to the USA in Chinese. 
-  * 所有者 / 居民 (Owner/Residents): [[美国巫师界]]、[[美国魔法国会]] (MACUSA)、[[麻鸡]] +===== Core Meaning ===== 
-  * 重要特征 (Key Features): 拥有独立的魔法政府 ([[美国魔法国会]]) 与魔法学校 ([[伊法魔尼魔法与巫术学校]])；巫师与非魔法人士 ([[麻鸡]]) 之间因历史原因实行严格的隔离政策 ([[拉帕波特法律]])。 +  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** měiguó 
-=====描述与历史===== +  * **Part of Speech:** Noun 
-美国，在魔法世界中通称“美国巫师界”(The American Wizarding Community)，是拥有独特魔法历史和文化的重要地区。在七本《哈利・波特》原著中，关于美国的魔法社会细节着墨甚少，其大部分设定来源于 J.K. 罗琳在 Pottermore 网站上发布的文章以及《神奇动物在哪里》系列电影。 +  * **HSK Level:** HSK 1 
-美国魔法社会最显著的特点是其与非魔法群体——//**[[麻鸡]]**// (No-Maj) 之间极度严格的隔离。这一状况源于残酷的 [[塞勒姆女巫审判事件]] (Salem Witch Trials) 及其他早期殖民者对魔法的迫害历史。这些事件给美国巫师界留下了深刻的创伤，使其对向 [[麻鸡]] 暴露魔法世界抱有极大的恐惧。 +  * **Concise Definition:** The United States of America. 
-为应对这一威胁，[[美国魔法国会]] (Magical Congress of the United States of America, 简称 MACUSA) 于 1790 年颁布了著名的 **[[拉帕波特法律]] (Rappaport's Law)**。该法律严格禁止巫师与 [[麻鸡]] 通婚或交友，并将任何与 [[麻鸡]] 的非必要接触定为非法，旨在维护国际保密法。这项法律直到 1965 年才被废除 (Pottermore)。 +  * **In a Nutshell:** 美国 is the everyday, universal term for the USA in Chinese. It's used in all contexts, from casual conversation to formal news broadcasts. The name comes from a phonetic transliteration of the "Me" sound in "America," with the characters 美 (beautiful) and 国 (country) being chosen for their positive connotations and phonetic fit. 
-美国的魔法教育中心是 [[伊法魔尼魔法与巫术学校]] (Ilvermorny School of Witchcraft and Wizardry)，其声誉与 [[霍格沃茨]] 齐名，是世界顶尖的魔法学校之一 (Pottermore)。 +===== Character Breakdown ===== 
-=====在故事中的作用===== +  * **美 (měi):** This character's primary meaning is "beautiful," "pretty," or "good." It is composed of 羊 (yáng - sheep) on top of 大 (dà - big). In ancient China, a large, plump sheep was a symbol of prosperity, beauty, and auspiciousness. 
-  * 在《[[哈利・波特与魔法石]]》中，[[鲁伯・海格]] 曾提到一个位于美国的[[火龙]]保护区，并考虑将幼龙 [[诺伯]] (Norbert) 送往那里，这是原著中最早对美国魔法世界的间接提及之一。 +  * **国 (guó):** This character means "country," "nation," or "state." It is a pictograph of a border 囗 (wéi) surrounding a territory. The component inside, originally 玉 (yù - jade, a symbol of power and treasure), signifies the valuable land and people within the state's borders. 
-  * 在《[[哈利・波特与火焰杯]]》中，[[伊戈尔・卡卡洛夫]] 感叹 [[威克多尔・克鲁姆]] 的名气之大，声称其崇拜者“远在美国都有”。 +These characters combine to create 美国 (měiguó). The "měi" was chosen to sound like the "Me" in "A**me**rica," and "guó" was added to signify it's a country. The result is a phonetically appropriate and very positive-sounding name: "The Beautiful Country." 
-  * 在《[[哈利・波特与死亡圣器]]》中，[[丽塔・斯基特]] 在其著作《[[阿不思・邓布利多的人生与谎言]]》中引用 [[巴希达・巴沙特]] 的话，提到年轻的 [[盖勒特・格林德沃]] 在 [[戈德里克山谷]] 时，身边有一个从美国来的“提魔杖的”(wand-carrier)。这被认为是首次暗示了美国巫师 [[蒂娜・戈德斯坦恩]] 的存在。 +===== Cultural Context and Significance ===== 
-  * 在补充读物《[[魁地奇今昔]]》中，提到了美国的魁地奇联赛，包括一支名为“菲奇伯格雀鸟队”(Fitchburg Finches) 的著名球队。 +The name 美国 (měiguó) plays a subtle but significant role in shaping perceptions. While it is fundamentally a phonetic transliteration, the choice of 美 (beautiful) has created a name with an inherently positive flavor. This contrasts with more neutral phonetic names for other countries. 
-  * 在《神奇动物在哪里》系列电影中，美国，特别是纽约市，是第一部故事发生的主要舞台。该系列深入展示了 [[美国魔法国会]] 的运作方式、[[拉帕波特法律]] 的实际影响，并引入了多位关键的美国巫师角色，如 [[蒂娜・戈德斯坦恩]]、[[奎妮・戈德斯坦恩]] 和 [[美国魔法国会]] 主席 [[塞拉菲娜・皮奎利]] (《神奇动物在哪里》系列)。 +For much of the late 20th and early 21st centuries, 美国 represented a land of opportunity, wealth, and modernity in the popular Chinese imagination. It was associated with Hollywood movies, advanced technology, prestigious universities, and a high standard of living. The name "Beautiful Country" seemed to fit this aspirational image. 
-=====已知区域===== +In contrast, the official name is **美利坚合众国 (Měilìjiān Hézhòngguó)**, a more complete phonetic transliteration of "United States of America." This is similar to how English speakers use "the US" or "America" in daily life instead of the full, formal name. The common use of 美国 highlights a preference for conciseness and a name that is easy to say and remember. While modern political discourse is complex, the name itself remains unchanged and carries this positive linguistic legacy. 
-  * **[[伊法魔尼魔法与巫术学校]] (Ilvermorny School of Witchcraft and Wizardry):** 位于马萨诸塞州格雷洛克山顶的魔法学校，由 [[伊索・瑟尔]] (Isolt Sayre) 建立，对北美地区的巫师开放。(Pottermore) +===== Practical Usage in Modern China ===== 
-  * **[[纽约]] (New York):** 《神奇动物在哪里》第一部的主要故事发生地，[[纽特・斯卡曼德]] 在此意外放跑了数个神奇动物，并与 [[盖勒特・格林德沃]] 发生了冲突。(《神奇动物在哪里》) +美国 is used universally as the name for the United States. It can function as a noun or as an adjective to describe something as "American." 
-  * **伍尔沃斯大楼 (Woolworth Building):** [[美国魔法国会]] (MACUSA) 总部的所在地，拥有隐蔽的魔法入口。(《神奇动物在哪里》) +  * **As a Noun:** Refers to the country itself. 
-  * **菲奇伯格 (Fitchburg):** 位于马萨诸塞州，是美国魁地奇球队“菲奇伯格雀鸟队”的主场城市。(《魁地奇今昔》) +    * `我去过美国。 (Wǒ qùguò Měiguó.)` - I have been to America. 
-=====幕后信息===== +  * **As an Adjective:** Placed before another noun to describe its origin. 
-  * J.K. 罗琳为 Pottermore 网站撰写了大量关于“北美魔法史”的文章，极大地丰富了美国巫师世界的背景设定，包括 [[伊法魔尼]] 的建校史、[[拉帕波特法律]] 的起源，以及“皮行者”等本土魔法传说。 +    * `美国文化 (Měiguó wénhuà)` - American culture 
-  * “//[[麻鸡]]//” (No-Maj) 一词由 J.K. 罗琳创造，是 “//No Magic//” (没有魔法) 的缩写，作为美国巫师对非魔法人士的特有称呼，以区别于英国巫师使用的“//[[麻瓜]]//” (Muggle)。 +    * `美国总统 (Měiguó zǒngtǒng)` - American president 
-  * 随着《神奇动物在哪里》系列电影的推出，美国巫师界从一个在原著中几乎被忽略的背景，一跃成为《哈利・波特》魔法世界版图中的重要组成部分。+    * `美国公司 (Měiguó gōngsī)` - American company 
 +  * **Referring to People:** To say "American person," you add 人 (rén - person) to the end. 
 +    * `他是美国人。 (Tā shì Měiguó rén.)` - He is an American. 
 +The term is neutral and appropriate for all levels of formality, from chatting with friends to writing a formal essay. 
 +===== Example Sentences ===== 
 +  * **Example 1:**  
 +    * 我的梦想是去**美国**留学。 
 +    * Pinyin: Wǒ de mèngxiǎng shì qù **Měiguó** liúxué. 
 +    * English: My dream is to study abroad in the United States. 
 +    * Analysis: A common aspiration. This shows 美国 used as a destination. 
 +  * **Example 2:**  
 +    * 他是**美国**人，但是他的中文说得很好。 
 +    * Pinyin: Tā shì **Měiguó** rén, dànshì tā de Zhōngwén shuō de hěn hǎo. 
 +    * English: He is an American, but he speaks Chinese very well. 
 +    * Analysis: Demonstrates the construction `美国人 (Měiguó rén)` for "American person." 
 +  * **Example 3:**  
 +    * 你喜欢看**美国**电影吗？ 
 +    * Pinyin: Nǐ xǐhuān kàn **Měiguó** diànyǐng ma? 
 +    * English: Do you like watching American movies? 
 +    * Analysis: Here, 美国 functions as an adjective modifying 电影 (diànyǐng - movie). 
 +  * **Example 4:**  
 +    * 这家公司是一家**美国**的跨国企业。 
 +    * Pinyin: Zhè jiā gōngsī shì yījiā **Měiguó** de kuàguó qǐyè. 
 +    * English: This company is an American multinational corporation. 
 +    * Analysis: Shows the use of `的 (de)` after 美国 to make it possessive or descriptive, which is very common in formal or specific contexts. 
 +  * **Example 5:**  
 +    * **美国**的首都是华盛顿。 
 +    * Pinyin: **Měiguó** de shǒudū shì Huáshèngdùn. 
 +    * English: The capital of the United States is Washington. 
 +    * Analysis: A straightforward factual statement, common in textbooks or encyclopedic contexts. 
 +  * **Example 6:**  
 +    * 我最喜欢的球队是**美国**国家篮球队。 
 +    * Pinyin: Wǒ zuì xǐhuān de qiúduì shì **Měiguó** guójiā lánqiú duì. 
 +    * English: My favorite team is the USA national basketball team. 
 +    * Analysis: A typical example from a sports context, highlighting the influence of American pop culture like the NBA. 
 +  * **Example 7:**  
 +    * 中美关系对全球都非常重要。 
 +    * Pinyin: Zhōng-Měi guānxì duì quánqiú dōu fēicháng zhòngyào. 
 +    * English: Sino-US relations are very important for the whole world. 
 +    * Analysis: Note the abbreviation here. 中 (Zhōng) for 中国 (China) and 美 (Měi) for 美国 (America) are combined to form `中美 (Zhōng-Měi)`, meaning "China-US." This is a standard abbreviation in news and politics. 
 +  * **Example 8:**  
 +    * 很多人认为**美国**的生活成本很高。 
 +    * Pinyin: Hěn duō rén rènwéi **Měiguó** de shēnghuó chéngběn hěn gāo. 
 +    * English: Many people think the cost of living in America is very high. 
 +    * Analysis: A common topic of discussion when comparing life in different countries. 
 +  * **Example 9:**  
 +    * 汉堡包和热狗是典型的**美国**食物。 
 +    * Pinyin: Hànbǎobāo hé règǒu shì diǎnxíng de **Měiguó** shíwù. 
 +    * English: Hamburgers and hot dogs are typical American foods. 
 +    * Analysis: Using 美国 to describe cuisine or food items. 
 +  * **Example 10:**  
 +    * **美国**的科技产业非常发达。 
 +    * Pinyin: **Měiguó** de kējì chǎnyè fēicháng fādá. 
 +    * English: America's technology industry is very developed. 
 +    * Analysis: A sentence reflecting the global perception of the US tech sector. 
 +===== Nuances and Common Mistakes ===== 
 +  * **Literal vs. Actual Meaning:** The most common misunderstanding for learners is believing that Chinese people chose to call America the "Beautiful Country" based on a value judgment. It's crucial to remember that the name is //primarily// a phonetic choice. While the positive characters are a fortunate coincidence, it's not a literal declaration of beauty. 
 +  * **美国 vs. 美洲 (Měizhōu):** Do not confuse **美国 (Měiguó - the USA)** with **美洲 (Měizhōu - The Americas continent)**. 洲 (zhōu) means "continent." So, 北美洲 (Běi Měizhōu) is North America and 南美洲 (Nán Měizhōu) is South America. Saying `我是美洲人 (Wǒ shì Měizhōu rén)` would mean "I am a person from the American continent," which is geographically correct but not how one states their nationality. 
 +  * **Using 美 Alone:** While 美 (Měi) is used in abbreviations like `中美关系 (Zhōng-Měi guānxì)`, you cannot use it as a standalone noun to refer to the country in a normal sentence. 
 +    * **Incorrect:** `我去过美。 (Wǒ qùguò Měi.)` 
 +    * **Correct:** `我去过美国。 (Wǒ qùguò Měiguó.)` 
 +===== Related Terms and Concepts ===== 
 +  * [[美利坚合众国]] (Měilìjiān Hézhòngguó) - The full, formal name for the "United States of America," used in official documents and diplomatic contexts. 
 +  * [[美国人]] (Měiguó rén) - An American person. 
 +  * [[美元]] (Měiyuán) - The US Dollar, the official currency. 
 +  * [[老美]] (lǎoměi) - An informal, sometimes overly familiar or slightly derogatory slang term for Americans. Best avoided by learners. 
 +  * [[花旗]] (Huāqí) - Literally "Flower Flag," an older name for the USA derived from an early version of the US flag. It is now rarely used except in specific brand names like `花旗银行 (Huāqí Yínháng)` - Citibank. 
 +  * [[山姆大叔]] (Shānmǔ Dàshū) - A direct transliteration of "Uncle Sam," the national personification of the US. 
 +  * [[北美]] (Běi Měi) - A common abbreviation for `北美洲 (Běi Měizhōu)`, meaning North America. 
 +  * [[中美关系]] (Zhōng-Měi guānxì) - A standard abbreviation for "Sino-US relations." 
 +  * [[英国]] (Yīngguó) - United Kingdom. Another example of a country name created via positive-sounding phonetic transliteration ("Brave Country"). 
 +  * [[德国]] (Déguó) - Germany. Another example from this pattern ("Virtue Country").