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--- 图书馆 [2025/08/01 16:17] – 创建 xiaoer
+++ 图书馆 [2025/08/17 23:02] (current) – created xiaoer
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-======霍格沃茨图书馆======
+====== túshūguǎn: 图书馆 - Library ======
-=====基本信息=====
+===== Quick Summary =====
-  * 类型: 学校图书馆
+  * **Keywords:** library in Chinese, how to say library in Mandarin, tushuguan meaning, Chinese word for library, 图书馆, túshūguǎn, Chinese library, study in China, borrow books Chinese, HSK 2 vocabulary
-  * 地点: [[霍格沃茨魔法学校]]城堡四楼，苏格兰
+  * **Summary:** Learn how to say "library" in Chinese with our detailed guide to **图书馆 (túshūguǎn)**. This entry breaks down the characters 图 (tú - picture), 书 (shū - book), and 馆 (guǎn - hall), explaining how they combine to form this essential HSK 2 word. Discover practical examples for visiting a Chinese library, asking for directions, or talking about studying. Whether you're a student in China or just learning Mandarin, understanding **túshūguǎn** is fundamental for daily life and conversation.
-  * 所有者 / 居民: [[霍格沃茨魔法学校]]，由图书管理员[[厄玛・平斯]]夫人严格管理。
+===== Core Meaning =====
-  * 重要特征: 藏书数以万计、设有[[禁书区]]、规则森严、书籍本身受到多种魔法保护。
+  * **Pinyin (with tone marks):** túshūguǎn
-=====描述与历史=====
+  * **Part of Speech:** Noun
-霍格沃茨图书馆位于[[霍格沃茨城堡]]的四楼，是一个安静肃穆的场所，收藏着数以万计的魔法典籍。图书馆内部由一排排高及天花板的书架和狭窄的走道构成，学生们可以在这里的书桌上学习和查阅资料。
+  * **HSK Level:** HSK 2
-图书馆由一位极其严格的女巫——[[厄玛・平斯]]夫人管理，她被形容为长相酷似“一只营养不良的秃鹫”。她对图书馆的规定执行得一丝不苟，严格禁止在馆内高声喧哗、携带食物和饮料。任何试图污损书籍的行为都会遭到她严厉的制止和惩罚。
+  * **Concise Definition:** A building or institution that houses a collection of books, periodicals, and other materials for reading, borrowing, and reference.
-馆内的许多书籍本身也施有魔法，以防止被盗窃或损坏。例如，在禁书区的书籍通常被铁链锁在书架上，有些书在被不当对待时会发出尖叫或施放诅咒。学生借书需要[[厄玛・平斯]]夫人亲自登记，并且必须按时归还。
+  * **In a Nutshell:** **图书馆 (túshūguǎn)** is the direct and most common word for "library" in Mandarin Chinese. It refers to any place, from a grand national library to a small school library, where you can read and borrow books. The word itself is very logical, literally meaning a "hall of pictures and books," making it easy for beginners to remember.
-=====在故事中的作用=====
+===== Character Breakdown =====
-图书馆是[[哈利・波特]]、[[罗恩・韦斯莱]]和[[赫敏・格兰杰]]三人组获取关键信息、解决谜题和完成学业的核心场所，在整个系列故事中起到了至关重要的推动作用。
+  * **图 (tú):** This character's primary meaning is "picture," "drawing," or "map." In this context, it represents all the illustrated materials, charts, and diagrams you might find in a library alongside text.
-  * **《[[哈利・波特与魔法石]]》:** 三人组在这里花费了大量时间研究[[魔法石]]的创造者——[[尼可・勒梅]]的身份。最终，[[赫敏]]在一本她为“轻松读物”而借出的书中找到了答案。[[哈利]]也曾披着[[隐形衣]]潜入[[禁书区]]寻找相关信息。
+  * **书 (shū):** This is a straightforward and essential character meaning "book" or "writing." It forms the core concept of the word.
-  * **《[[哈利・波特与密室]]》:** [[赫敏]]在图书馆查阅资料，最终确定了密室中的怪物是[[蛇怪]]，并将关键信息写在了一张撕下的书页上，这张书页在她被石化后成为了解开谜题的重要线索。此外，她也是在图书馆的[[禁书区]]找到了《//强力药剂//》一书，从而获得了配制[[复方汤剂]]的方法。
+  * **馆 (guǎn):** This character means a "hall," "pavilion," or a large building for a specific public purpose. You'll see it in other words like 饭馆 (fànguǎn - restaurant) and 博物馆 (bówùguǎn - museum).
-  * **《[[哈利・波特与阿兹卡班的囚徒]]》:** 为了帮助[[海格]]拯救[[鹰头马身有翼兽]] [[巴克比克]]，[[赫敏]]在图书馆查阅了大量关于处理危险生物的法律案例。
+Putting them together, **图 (pictures) + 书 (books) + 馆 (hall)** creates the logical and descriptive term "hall of pictures and books," which is precisely what a library is.
-  * **《[[哈利・波特与火焰杯]]》:** 在[[三强争霸赛]]期间，图书馆是勇士们研究项目对策的主要地点。[[哈利]]、[[罗恩]]和[[赫敏]]在这里试图破解金蛋的秘密，[[赫敏]]则在此研究能够在水下呼吸的[[魔咒]]。
+===== Cultural Context and Significance =====
-  * **《[[哈利・波特与凤凰社]]》:** 在 O.W.L.s 考试的压力下，图书馆成为了学生们埋头苦读的主要自习场所。
+In China, as in the West, libraries are pillars of education and knowledge. However, their cultural role can feel more intense, deeply tied to the high value placed on scholarship, a legacy of Confucian ideals.
-  * **《[[哈利・波特与混血王子]]》:** [[赫敏]]在图书馆中查明了“[[混血王子]]”并非[[艾琳・普林斯]]本人，而是她的儿子[[西弗勒斯・斯内普]]。她也在这里查阅到了关于[[魂器]]的少量、令人不安的信息。
+A key difference can be seen in the university library atmosphere. While a local American library might be a quiet community hub for all ages, a major Chinese university **图书馆** is often a battleground for academic survival. During exam periods, it's common to see students lining up before dawn just to secure a study spot. This reflects the intense academic competition known as 内卷 (nèijuǎn). These libraries are not just for borrowing books; they are vital, high-energy arenas for focused self-study (自习 - zìxí). Modern public libraries in major Chinese cities are also often grand architectural landmarks, symbolizing national pride and investment in public education.
-  * **《[[哈利・波特与死亡圣器]]》:** 尽管故事主要发生在校外，但[[赫敏]]在逃亡前，用[[飞来咒]]从图书馆和[[邓布利多]]的办公室召唤了大量书籍，放入她的伸缩咒串珠包中。这些书籍（如《//霍格沃茨：一段校史//》）在他们寻找和摧毁[[魂器]]的旅途中提供了必不可少的帮助。
+===== Practical Usage in Modern China =====
-=====已知区域=====
+**图书馆** is a standard, neutral term used in all contexts, from casual conversation to formal announcements.
-  * **主阅览区 (Main Section):** 图书馆的主体部分，包含绝大多数普通魔法书籍，供学生日常学习和借阅。这里设有书桌和椅子，是学生们最常使用的区域。
+  * **Asking for Directions:** It's a key landmark word. You'll frequently use it when navigating a new city or campus. For example: "请问，**图书馆**在哪儿？" (Excuse me, where is the library?).
-  * **禁书区 (Restricted Section):** 位于图书馆后部，用一根绳子与主区域隔开。这里存放着关于[[黑魔法]]以及其他危险或强大魔法的书籍，例如描述如何制作[[魂器]]的《//尖端黑魔法揭秘//》。学生必须持有任课教授的亲笔签名条才能进入，并且此处的书籍受到更强的魔法保护。
+  * **Making Plans:** It's a common meeting place for students or anyone looking for a quiet place to work. For example: "我们下午在**图书馆**见吧。" (Let's meet at the library this afternoon.).
-=====其他著名图书馆=====
+  * **Describing Activities:** It's used to talk about borrowing/returning books, studying, or doing research. For example: "我周末要去**图书馆**还书。" (I need to go to the library this weekend to return books.).
-尽管霍格沃茨图书馆是故事中最核心的图书馆，但巫师世界还存在其他重要的图书收藏地：
+===== Example Sentences =====
-  * **[[阿不思・邓布利多]]的办公室:** [[邓布利多]]的私人办公室里收藏了大量珍贵、稀有且强大的魔法书籍，其中许多是霍格沃茨主图书馆所没有的。
+  * **Example 1:**
-  * **[[格里莫广场12号]]的图书室:** [[布莱克家族]]的祖宅中有一个图书室，主要收藏与[[黑魔法]]相关的书籍。在《[[哈利・波特与凤凰社]]》中，[[凤凰社]]成员曾努力清理过这里的危险书籍。
+    * 我们学校的**图书馆**很大很漂亮。
-  * **[[赫敏・格兰杰]]的伸缩咒串珠包:** 在寻找[[魂器]]的旅途中，[[赫敏]]的串珠包成为了一个移动的图书馆。她用[[无痕伸展咒]]扩大了包的内部空间，装入了大量从霍格沃茨图书馆和[[邓布利多]]办公室带来的参考书籍。
+    * Pinyin: Wǒmen xuéxiào de **túshūguǎn** hěn dà hěn piàoliang.
-=====幕后信息=====
+    * English: Our school's library is very big and beautiful.
-  * 在《哈利・波特》系列电影中，[[霍格沃茨]]图书馆的内部场景主要在英国牛津大学的**博德利图书馆 (Bodleian Library)** 拍摄。其中，杜克・汉弗莱图书馆 (Duke Humfrey's Library) 成为了图书馆的主阅览区和[[禁书区]]的取景地。（电影设定）
+    * Analysis: A simple descriptive sentence. The structure "很 (hěn) + adj." is a fundamental pattern in Mandarin.
+  * **Example 2:**
+    * 我要去**图书馆**借几本书。
+    * Pinyin: Wǒ yào qù **túshūguǎn** jiè jǐ běn shū.
+    * English: I'm going to the library to borrow a few books.
+    * Analysis: This sentence shows a common purpose for visiting a library. "借 (jiè)" means "to borrow," and "几 (jǐ)" here means "a few."
+  * **Example 3:**
+    * 请问，去**图书馆**怎么走？
+    * Pinyin: Qǐngwèn, qù **túshūguǎn** zěnme zǒu?
+    * English: Excuse me, how do I get to the library?
+    * Analysis: An essential phrase for asking directions. "怎么走 (zěnme zǒu)" is the standard way to ask "how do I get to..."
+  * **Example 4:**
+    * **图书馆**里请保持安静。
+    * Pinyin: **Túshūguǎn** lǐ qǐng bǎochí ānjìng.
+    * English: Please keep quiet inside the library.
+    * Analysis: This is a common sign or instruction you would see or hear in a Chinese library. "保持安静 (bǎochí ānjìng)" means "to maintain quiet."
+  * **Example 5:**
+    * 你需要一张借书证才能从**图书馆**借书。
+    * Pinyin: Nǐ xūyào yī zhāng jièshūzhèng cái néng cóng **túshūguǎn** jiè shū.
+    * English: You need a library card to be able to borrow books from the library.
+    * Analysis: This sentence introduces the related term "借书证 (jièshūzhèng)," meaning library card.
+  * **Example 6:**
+    * 这家**图书馆**的开放时间是几点到几点？
+    * Pinyin: Zhè jiā **túshūguǎn** de kāifàng shíjiān shì jǐ diǎn dào jǐ diǎn?
+    * English: What are the opening hours of this library?
+    * Analysis: A practical question for planning a visit. "几点到几点 (jǐ diǎn dào jǐ diǎn)" is a pattern for asking "from what time to what time."
+  * **Example 7:**
+    * 我把从**图书馆**借的书弄丢了。
+    * Pinyin: Wǒ bǎ cóng **túshūguǎn** jiè de shū nòng diū le.
+    * English: I lost the book I borrowed from the library.
+    * Analysis: This uses the "把 (bǎ)" construction to show disposal of an object—in this case, accidentally "disposing" of it by losing it. "弄丢了 (nòng diū le)" means "lost (something)."
+  * **Example 8:**
+    * 为了准备考试，他整天泡在**图书馆**。
+    * Pinyin: Wèile zhǔnbèi kǎoshì, tā zhěng tiān pào zài **túshūguǎn**.
+    * English: In order to prepare for the exam, he spends all day at the library.
+    * Analysis: The verb "泡 (pào)" literally means "to soak" or "to steep," but here it's used colloquially to mean "to hang out" or "to spend a lot of time" in a place.
+  * **Example 9:**
+    * 这座城市的公共**图书馆**是免费向所有人开放的。
+    * Pinyin: Zhè zuò chéngshì de gōnggòng **túshūguǎn** shì miǎnfèi xiàng suǒyǒu rén kāifàng de.
+    * English: This city's public library is open to everyone for free.
+    * Analysis: This sentence distinguishes a "公共图书馆 (gōnggòng túshūguǎn)," a public library, from a private or school library.
+  * **Example 10:**
+    * 我在**图书馆**的网站上预约了这本书。
+    * Pinyin: Wǒ zài **túshūguǎn** de wǎngzhàn shàng yùyuē le zhè běn shū.
+    * English: I reserved this book on the library's website.
+    * Analysis: A modern, practical sentence showing how technology interacts with libraries. "网站 (wǎngzhàn)" is website, and "预约 (yùyuē)" is to reserve or make an appointment.
+===== Nuances and Common Mistakes =====
+The most common mistake for beginners is confusing **图书馆 (túshūguǎn)** with **书店 (shūdiàn)**.
+  *   **图书馆 (túshūguǎn):** Library. You **borrow** (借 - jiè) and **return** (还 - huán) books here.
+  *   **书店 (shūdiàn):** Bookstore. You **buy** (买 - mǎi) books here.
+It's a critical distinction. Showing up at a library to buy a book, or a bookstore to borrow one, will lead to confusion.
+**Incorrect Usage:**
+`*` 我要去**图书馆**买一本新小说。 (Wǒ yào qù túshūguǎn mǎi yī běn xīn xiǎoshuō.)
+`*` //(I'm going to the library to buy a new novel.)//
+**Why it's wrong:** You cannot **buy (买)** books at a library.
+**Correct Usage:**
+`*` 我要去**书店**买一本新小说。 (Wǒ yào qù shūdiàn mǎi yī běn xīn xiǎoshuō.)
+`*` //(I'm going to the bookstore to buy a new novel.)//
+===== Related Terms and Concepts =====
+  * [[书店]] (shūdiàn) - Bookstore. The place to buy books. The commercial counterpart to a library.
+  * [[借书]] (jiè shū) - To borrow a book. A key verb phrase associated with a **túshūguǎn**.
+  * [[还书]] (huán shū) - To return a book. The action you must take after borrowing.
+  * [[自习]] (zìxí) - To study by oneself; self-study. A very common activity for students in a Chinese **túshūguǎn**.
+  * [[阅览室]] (yuèlǎnshì) - Reading room. A specific room within a library designated for quiet reading.
+  * [[借书证]] (jièshūzhèng) - Library card. The card that grants you borrowing privileges.
+  * [[博物馆]] (bówùguǎn) - Museum. Another public building with the "馆 (guǎn)" suffix, for displaying artifacts instead of books.
+  * [[读者]] (dúzhě) - Reader; patron. The term for a person who reads or uses a library.